There are several asthma medications available in inhaled form. The medicines prescribed are known as inhaled corticosteroids, also referred to as topical corticosteroids or glucocorticosteroids. These are anti-inflammatory medications that have been used successfully to treat asthma for over 50 years. Treating inflammation is the hallmark to controlling and improving your symptoms.
Inhaled Medications
There are several asthma medications available in inhaled form. The medicines prescribed are
known as inhaled corticosteroids, also referred to as topical corticosteroids or glucocorticosteroids.
These are anti-inflammatory medications that have been used successfully to treat asthma for over
50 years. These types of steroids are very different from the ones abused by some athletes to
enhance their performance. These asthma medications reduce many forms of airway inflammation.
Treating inflammation is the hallmark to controlling and improving your symptoms. By decreasing
how much mucus you produce, airway hypersensitivity, swelling and tightening of your bronchial
tubes you will breathe easier.
Your asthma management plan may include taking inhaled corticosteroids even when you feel well.
This is because the medications can prevent you from having an asthma flare-up or prevent your
symptoms from becoming worse.
Examples of inhaled corticosteroids are beclomethasone, budesonide, ciclesonide, flunisolide,
fluticasone, mometasone and triamcinolone. It is important to rinse, gargle and spit with water after
each dose of inhaled steroids.
Bronchodilators are non-steroid medications that help open up your airways by relaxing small
muscles that tighten them. Some bronchodilators are rapid-acting, and some are long-acting.
The rapid-acting bronchodilators are used as “rescue” medications to immediately relieve your
asthma symptoms, and include albuterol, levalbuterol, pirbuterol, terbutaline and ipratropium.
Although they make you feel better and breathe easier in the short term, these drugs commonly do
not solve the underlying problems that lead your asthma symptoms to appear.
If you regularly need these “rescue” medications more than two times per week, your asthma isn’t
being properly controlled or there is something else going on that is causing your airways to be
blocked. See your allergist to discuss your treatment.
Salmeterol and formoterol are long-acting beta 2-agonist bronchodilators (also known as LABAs)
that are ordinarily meant to be used together with an anti-inflammatory medication on a regular
(daily), rather than as-needed, basis. Each of these long-acting bronchodilators is available in
combination with a corticosteroid within one inhaler, or by themselves in the nebulized form.
Non-steroid anti-inflammatory medications, such as cromolyn or nedocromil, reduce inflammation
and can help prevent asthma symptoms. These drugs are extremely safe but are less effective than
inhaled corticosteroids.